Abstract

Many Fungi have a well-developed secondary metabolism. The diversity of fungal species and the diversification of biosynthetic gene clusters underscores a nearly limitless potential for metabolic variation and an untapped resource for drug discovery and synthetic biology. Fungal secondary metabolites exhibit biological activities that have been developed into life-saving medicines and agrochemicals.

Toxic metabolites, known as mycotoxins, contaminate human and livestock food and indoor environments. Secondary metabolites are determinants of fungal diseases of humans, animals, and plants. Secondary metabolites exhibit a staggering variation in chemical structures and biological activities, yet their biosynthetic pathways share a number of key characteristics. produced, and how their biosynthetic genes are distributed across the Fungi.

Mice models with human tissue developed to date have already enhanced our knowledge of human parasites, and are useful tools for assessing anti-parasitic interventions. Although these systems are imperfect, their continued refinement will likely broaden their utility. Some of the malaria parasite’s interactions with human hepatocytes and human erythrocytes can already be modelled with available humanized mice systems.

Malaria is a vector-borne disease that involves multiple parasite species in a variety of ecological settings. However, the parasite species causing the disease, the prevalence of subclinical infections, the emergence of drug resistance, the scale-up of interventions, and the ecological factors affecting malaria transmission, among others, are aspects that vary across endemic areas.

Such complexities have propelled the study of parasite genetic diversity patterns in the context of epidemiologic investigations. Importantly, molecular studies indicate that the time and spatial distribution of malaria cases reflect epidemiological processes that cannot be fully understood without characterizing the evolutionary forces shaping parasite population genetic patterns

1.1. Rational

Malaria is a vector-borne disease that involves multiple parasite species in a variety of ecological settings. However, the parasite species causing the disease, the prevalence of subclinical infections, the emergence of drug resistance, the scale-up of interventions, and the ecological factors affecting malaria transmission, among others, are aspects that vary across endemic areas. Such complexities have propelled the study of parasite genetic diversity patterns in the context of epidemiologic investigations.

This study therefore seeks to investigate the characteristics and properties of antimalarial of secondary metabolites from fungi. It is hope that the finding of this study will therefore aid to reduce malaria in Cameroon and the world at large.

1.2. Research Objectives

This study seeks to fulfil the following research objectives

1.2.1.   Main Research objective

The aim is to evaluate the antimalarial properties of secondary metabolites from fungi

1.2.2.   Specific research objectives

1. To isolate fungi.
2. To culture fungi and allow them to grow to produce secondary metabolites.
3. To use the secondary metabolites to prevent (Profilactive activity) and cure malaria (Curative activity)

1.3. Research questions

1. What have the government of Cameroon and other partners done to address malaria problems among under-fives in Cameroon?
2. How do the government and other key actors use communication as a tool to fight malaria?

1.4. Hypothesis

H0: The prevalence of malaria is a communication problem. H1: The prevalence of malaria is not a communication problem.

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