Abstract

This study was carried out online during the month of August 2020, on the technique of snail production. The techniques include accommodation where there are three housing methods namely free-range pen, hutch boxes and mini-paddock pen.

From the research, mini paddock pen was considered to be the best housing methods because the environment resembles the snail’s natural habitat. Hutch boxes are expensive and accommodate a small quantity of snails. Also, technique of feeding where three species of Giant African Land Snails feed on variety of food types.  And finally technique of health care.

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

Snails are one of the most popular delicacies in the world. It is an important source of protein in most countries in Africa like Cameroon, Nigeria and Ghana. It contains 12-16% of protein, 45-50% of iron, 585mg/100g of calcium, 269.6/100g of phosphorus and contains most amino acids needed for human nutrition (Awa et al., 2003).

Their rich level of mineral salt, iron, and Iodine, have position snails as a recommended delicacy for pregnant and nursing mothers (Ajayi et al., 1978). They are not only consider a delicacy but also a medical and dietary therapy for hypertension, conjunctivitis and iron deficiency anaemia. Edible snails also play an important role in folk medicine.

The high iron content of the meat is consider to be important in treating anaemia. In the past, it was recommended for combating asthma (Bequaert et Chinwuko, 2003).In Nigeria, the bluish liquid obtained from the shell of Archachatina marginata when the meat has been removed is believed to be good in traditional male circumcision (Ologunagba et al., 2013). Snails consume in Cameroon are coming from villagers who collect them by hand picking.

The snails consumed are coming from the bush and the technique of production have not been well developed. In Cameroon people are consuming it in different regions like South West, Littoral, etc. Unfortunately, people are consuming these snails and are not thinking of how to produce them. Snails are not only a source of protein but also a source of income to many Cameroonians who rare and sale them. It is a substitute for other animal protein.

Due to high demand of snail consumption in the country, the Giant African land snail are threatened in their natural habitat due to human activities such as; high collection in their natural habitat, high consumption, deforestation, bush burning and use of pesticides.

The availability of some edible snails, their popularity and acceptability nationwide, the potential for export, including the emerging technologies have largely contributed towards the present renewed interest in snail farming (Amusan et al; Omidiji, 1998).

OBJECTIVES

General objective

To preserve and valorize the biodiversity of snails.

Specific objective

To know the different technique of snail production which include techniques of accommodation, feeding and health protection.