CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background Of Study  

Poultry farming is the process of raising domestic birds such as chickens, ducks, turkeys, and geese for the purpose of farming meat or eggs for food. (Modern Farming, 2017)

“Pollution” is a word that concerns most people when they hear about it but is something which is a part of everyday life. Pollution occurs when something that doesn’t naturally belong in an ecosystem is forcibly introduced into it. The foreign substances introduced into the environment which causes the pollution is called as a “pollutant”. As the concentration of a pollutant also increases in the environment the intensity of pollution also increases. Pollution is mostly caused by human actions but also caused by natural disasters. It is highly detrimental to all living things on our planet. (Read and Digest, 2017)

Wellbeing of animals had been historically a public concern, since the beginning of human kind history. As world’s population grows there is a need for food including meats.  In the last decades they have been a great improvement in poultry production based on the careful control of several aspects, among which nutrition and management (environment, health and rearing system). Nowaday, the search for good warfare condition is a global tendency in animal production surrounding it. (Racheal Carson, 2006-01-01). Poultry farmers especially new and untrained ones are usually at a greater risk and also those who leave near poultry farms can also be exposed to health hazards  through air ,water, and soil. Some of the health hazards in poultry working environment can be classified as Accidental, Physical, Chemical, and Biological, which are; sprains and strains, eye and skin irritation, exposure to high level of noise, respiratory problems due to exposure to gases such as ammonia, hydrogen sulphite, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and methane that causes acute and chronic bronchitis, asthma, airway obstruction, pneumonia. Zoonotic and antibiotic resistant bacteria infection; salmonellosis, tuberculosis, influenza, chlamydiosis.

   

 1.2 Statement of Problem

Poultry farming is a good source of revenue for most people now a day’s. The rate of poultry farming is increasing rapidly from small scale to large scale. It will however appear that they don’t know or are aware of the health hazards coming from poultry pollution since they pay little attention to managing the pollution coming from poultry farming. The larger the poultry, the greater the rate of pollution. The participants get affected from poultry pollution in a long run since they don’t take into consideration pollution management because of poor management of poultry pollution, the farmers are liable to suffer from health problems like; asthma, pneumonia, tuberculosis, salmonellosis, eye and skin irritation which is as a results from Air pollution, Water pollution, Dust pollution, and Noise pollution from poultry farming.

 

1.3 Research Question

What are the causes of poultry pollution?

1. What are the health effects of poultry pollution from poultry farming?
2. How do the participants prevent themselves from poultry infections?
3. What are some of the challenges face by the participants in the prevention of poultry pollution?

 

1.4. Research Objectives

1.4.1. General Objective:

To assess the knowledge of Balong community on the factors and health consequences of poultry pollution.

1.4.2. Specific Objectives:

1. To assess participant’s knowledge on the causes of poultry pollution.
2. To find out if participants are aware of the health effects of poultry pollution.
3. To know strategies used to prevent diseases amongst participants.

 

1.5. Scope of Study

Then research does not cover everything about the poultry farms. It focuses mainly on poultry pollution especially the factors associated with poultry pollution and it health consequences in the community of poultry farms.

Since the emphasis is on the factors associated with poultry pollution and health consequences in the community, the study examined the factors associated with poultry pollution and it health consequences, it also determines the diseases conditions of poultry pollution.

The study was conducted in Balong-Muyuka after gathering information from the concerned bodies namely participants from poultry farm.