Abstracts

This senior project is about the Design and construction of foundation in swampy areas.  The purpose of this study is to provide Civil and Environmental Engineering solutions to stakeholder   who are interested to construct residential, commercial or industrial houses in a swampy area of very low soil bearing Capacity, The aim is also to know the different types of foundations for construction purposes and how to design structural foundations founds in swampy land.

The rule guiding the calculation is according to BS8110 The method used in this project is the case study of the construction of a  raft foundation of  G +1 commercial building with a grid footing and a soil with a soil bearing Capacity of 50KN/m2 ,  the method consist of, Architectural Design, Soil, investigation, Calculation of the Design loading of the structure, , the shear fore and the bending moment of the effect of the load on the foundation, and finally the design of the footings, column and ground beams of the foundation,  backfilling of foundation and treatment of the foundation. The findings, recommendations and suggestion as well as some of the Catholic social principles in managing construction projects as a servant Leader.

CHAPTER ONE

GENERAL INTRODUCTION

The senior year project is undertaken in CUIB as a partial requirement in fulfillment of the minimum requirements to graduate in the B.Sc. programs 2019/ 2020 academic year In Civil and Environmental Engineering. This procedure is aimed at producing professional graduates who can meet the demands of the employers in the job market as well as professional graduates who can be self-employed. It is for this reason that I focus my   research-based developmental project onthe designs and construction of foundations in swampy areas

 1.1 Background Of The Study

The Foundation of a building is defined as that part of the structure in direct contact with the ground and which transmits the Load of the structure to the ground. Foundation is the heart of every building project and is a step that should be given more attention to avoid collapsing and other accident on the site during and after construction.

Swamps are forested wetlands, like marshes, they are found near rivers or lakes and have mineral soils that drains water slowly. Organic soils, including wetlands are considered the least suitable for capital construction. This is due to the high moisture saturation of the soil, their looseness, and the tendency to deformities. However; modern technologies for the construction of the foundation allow achieving the stability of the structure and its durability even in the marshland.

The peculiarity of wetland soil is a tendency of deformation, instability due to a large number of fine-grained particles, high level of moisture saturation. The high moisture content of the soil cause the formation of dangerous floats .All this is the reason why soil weakly resist compression , and we have to look for non-standard solutions for the foundation design

The type of foundation to be used in a swampy Area depends on certain factors such as the soil type, the structure, the resources available and the cost of available materials. A Geotechnical Engineer needs to conduct a proper soil test and investigation of the land and these factors to best determine what type of foundation is appropriate. A structural engineer will use the test results to come up with appropriate structural designs.

1.2 Problem Statement

• A wet building site could bring a lot of problems in years to come if the foundation is not properly laid.
• Building on a wet ground can also raise moisture level inside the house which leads to mold and mildew, excess moisture in the soil can pass through the concrete into the homes
• Homes can be safely build on wet site but special drainage around the house and foundation and an effective moisture barrier below the foundation is required.

1.3 The Purpose And Objective Of The Study

The objective of this project is:

1. -To Carry out Site investigations and Soil Mechanics on swampy lands
2. To know the different types of foundations for construction and the general principle of foundation designs
3. To Design and do structural analyses of foundations of buildings on swampy areas
4. To know the procedures required to construct foundations on swampy areas
5. To Design the footings, columns and beams capable of sustaining buildings in swampy areas.
6. To understand the Servant leadership perspective on how to us the principles of Catholic social teachings in managing construction project

1.4 Significance Of Study

Due to the limited availability of lands for constructions in urban Areas and the increase in population, this study is aimed at providing Civil and environmental Engineering solutions on how to reclaim and construct building project on swampy lands for the good of the community .